{"id":347981,"date":"2026-04-16T10:05:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T08:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zabalgoabogados.entornopre.es\/diccionario-juridico\/filiacion-adoptiva-o-por-naturaleza\/"},"modified":"2026-08-19T23:36:56","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T21:36:56","slug":"filiation","status":"publish","type":"conceptos_juridicos","link":"https:\/\/palomazabalgo.com\/en\/legal-concepts\/filiation\/","title":{"rendered":"Filiation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Filiation refers to the parental relationship that leads to lineage and isn\u2019t solely established by biological ties but can also result from adoption or acknowledgment of children.<\/p>\n<p>Specifically, filiation can be determined by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Presumption of paternity within marriage.<\/li>\n<li>A definitive court ruling.<\/li>\n<li>Adoption following the formal process.<\/li>\n<li>Acknowledgment of extramarital children.<\/li>\n<li>Childbirth, in the case of the mother.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Types of filiation<\/h2>\n<p>Among the types of filiation, there\u2019s natural filiation and adoptive filiation established through a judicial decision:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Natural filiation<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Marital.<\/li>\n<li>Non-Marital.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Marital natural filiation<\/h4>\n<p>Filiation is considered marital when, at the time of the child&#8217;s birth, the parents are married or marry after the birth. However, if the marriage occurs after the birth of the children, it\u2019s considered marital through a definitive court ruling or through the simultaneous registration of birth and marriage.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Non-marital natural filiation<\/h4>\n<p>Non-marital natural filiation is the situation where the parents have not married.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Adoptive filiation:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>For minors.<\/li>\n<li>For adults.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>Adoptive filiation of a minor<\/h4>\n<p>Non-biological filiation is adoption, established by a judicial decision, considering the suitability of the adopter(s) and the interests of the adoptee.<\/p>\n<p>The Civil Code stipulates a requirement of being over 25 years old, with an age difference of at least 16 years and not exceeding 45.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Adoptive filiation of an adult<\/h4>\n<p>Adoption of an adult is also part of the voluntary jurisdiction process that constitutes non-biological filiation.<\/p>\n<p>To adopt an adult, consent from both adopter and adoptee is sufficient, although there must have been a stable cohabitation of at least one year before the adoption.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Family Law, it&#8217;s vital to differentiate between ordinary and extraordinary expenses. The key distinction between these types of expenses lies in their predictability.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Related content:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/palomazabalgo.com\/en\/paternal-filial-measures\/\">Paternal responsibility<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/palomazabalgo.com\/en\/legal-concepts\/parental-authority\/\">Parental authority<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/palomazabalgo.com\/en\/legal-concepts\/best-interests-of-the-child\/\">Best interests of the child<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","categories":[1],"class_list":["post-347981","conceptos_juridicos","type-conceptos_juridicos","status-publish","hentry","category-articles-and-current-case-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Filiation | Zabalgo Family Lawyers<\/title>\n<meta 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